Intramic Itraconazole – 100ml (3.38 oz)
Description
A transparent solution from yellow to light amber color.
Composition
1 ml of the drug contains the active substance:
itraconazole – 10 mg.
Active ingredients:
Itraconazole
Pharmacological properties:
A synthetic antifungal agent with a wide spectrum of action, a triazole derivative. Active against dermatophytes, yeasts, molds — Trichophyton spp., Microsporum spp., Candida spp., Malassezia spp., Aspergillus spp., and other pathogens of mycoses.
Pharmacological properties
Itraconazole is a broad-spectrum synthetic antifungal agent, a triazole derivative. Active against dermatophytes, yeasts, molds — Trichophyton spp., Microsporum spp., Candida spp., Malassezia spp., Aspergillus spp., and other pathogens of mycoses. Interacts with 14-α-demethylase, an enzyme of cytochrome P-450, which is a substance necessary for the conversion of lanosterol into ergosterol. Suppression of ergosterol synthesis leads to increased cell permeability and leakage of the cellular contents of micromycetes. Can inhibit endogenous respiration, yeast transformation to mycelial forms, inhibit purine absorption, and impair micromycete biosynthesis of triglycerides and/or phospholipids.
After oral administration, itraconazole is well absorbed, reaching the maximum concentration in the blood plasma after 2.5 hours. Bioavailability, when used with food, is about 55%, and when used on an empty stomach, it increases by 30%. In the blood plasma, it is bound to proteins by more than 99%, mainly to albumin.
Itraconazole penetrates well into tissues. Its concentrations in the lungs, kidneys, liver, bones, stomach, spleen, and muscles are 2-3 times higher than concentrations in plasma. The concentration in keratin tissues, especially in the skin, is about 4 times higher than its concentration in the blood plasma.
It is metabolized in the liver with the formation of many metabolites. The half-life from the blood plasma of dogs and cats is 28-30 hours. After repeated use, the half-life increases. Up to 18% of the administered dose is excreted unchanged in feces, less than 0.03% in urine. In the form of inactive metabolites, about 35% is excreted in the urine, and about 54% in feces.
Indication
Treatment of dogs and cats for mycosis and dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton verrucosum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton equine, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypsum.
Contraindication
Do not use in animals with increased sensitivity to the active substance of the drug, impaired liver and kidney functions, pregnant and lactating animals, cats, and dogs under the age of 2 months.
Method of application and dosage
The drug is given orally (mainly on an empty stomach) using a dosing syringe at a dose of 0.5-1 ml (5-10 mg of itraconazole) per 1 kg of body weight, once a day. The drug should be administered slowly and carefully so that the animal has time to swallow it.
When treating kittens and puppies, it is necessary to calculate the dose of the drug according to the pet’s body weight as accurately as possible. For kittens weighing less than 0.5 kg, a syringe with a volume of 1 ml is used, which allows accurate dosing of the drug.
Adult cats and kittens can be given the product together with food.
Treatment of cats and dogs is carried out by the method of pulse therapy mainly in three courses of 7 days with an interval of 7 days between them. After the first 7-day course, the drug can be given to dogs every other day for another 20 days.
In complex cases, if the started course of treatment has positive results, it can be extended until complete recovery under the supervision of a veterinary medicine doctor.
Reservation
Dogs and cats tolerate itraconazole better than ketoconazole. Side effects are rarely observed. However, hepatotoxicity, erythema, vasculitis, and limb edema may occur in some dogs, and GI disturbances (anorexia, weight loss, vomiting), hepatotoxicity, and depression may occur in cats. In case of severe side effects, the treatment should be stopped and a course of maintenance therapy should be prescribed.
Animals with unsatisfactory general conditions, which have additional diseases, require more careful supervision during treatment.
Cats and dogs with heart disease should be examined and treatment discontinued if clinical signs worsen.
It is recommended to disinfect and clean the places where animals stay during and after the course of treatment.
Simultaneous use of the drug with antacids, rifampicin significantly reduces its effectiveness. Do not use it together with other drugs without consulting a veterinarian.
Storage conditions
In a dry, dark place inaccessible to children at temperatures from +5 °C to +25 °C.
After opening the bottle, the drug should be used within 35 days.
INTRAMIC: A RELIABLE HELPER IN OVERCOMING SYSTEMIC FUNGAL LESIONS OF THE SKIN
The most common skin diseases transmitted to humans by dogs and cats are dermatomycosis, dermatophytosis, fungus, and ringworm.
The causes of fungus/ringworm in pets are:
- weak immunity
- poor nutrition
- stress after transportation or change of living conditions
- living in limited space and immobility
- the appearance of a new animal in the apartment
- keeping many animals in one place, for example in kennels, shelters for animals
- the presence of diseases that disrupt the skin’s barrier function – atopic dermatitis, scratches, ectoparasites, etc.
- long-term treatment with hormonal/steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (corticosteroids)
- the presence of helminths
- the entry of fungal spores from the street
Antifungal agents based on enilconazole are leaders among modern drugs for the treatment of dogs and cats. They are effective, completely safe, and applied locally. The fungicide Encon produced by BROVAFARMA LLC has proven its effectiveness in the treatment of ringworm, microspore, trichophytosis, and any dermatophytosis.
Enkon is used externally, pre-diluted with warm water in a ratio of 1:50. 4-5 procedures are enough to obtain a therapeutic effect.
Features of treatment of fungal diseases
Fungal diseases affect the skin and/or mucous membranes of cats and dogs, so only external remedies may not be enough.
When the disease is completely cured, there is a risk of relapse, as fungal agents develop resistance to fungicides.
Systemic antifungals are highly toxic to animals and should only be used by a veterinarian after an accurate diagnosis. In each case, the approach to treatment may differ significantly.
Sometimes, with a generalized course of dermatophytosis, the best therapeutic effect can be achieved only by using a systemic fungicide.
Intramik is an effective and relatively safe product produced by BROVAPHARMA LLC. It is a systemic drug based on itraconazole.
Types of fungal diseases
In addition to trichophytosis and microspores, other mycoses are also diagnosed in animals.
Candidiasis is a fungal disease that occurs as a result of excessive reproduction of the yeast fungus Candida albicans. As with dermatophytes, an animal can be a carrier and treatment for candidiasis may only be necessary under certain conditions. A suitable environment for the development of the fungus is traumatized areas of the skin and mucous membranes.
Malassezia infection is a yeast fungus that lives on the skin and in the ears of cats. Its excessive reproduction occurs due to a decrease in immunity and is the cause of otitis and dermatitis. Moist, inflamed skin, allergies, hormonal disorders, and chronic skin damage contribute to the development of the disease.
Subcutaneous mycosis is a disease of a fungal nature when pathogens (soil fungi) penetrate living tissue through the keratinized layers of the epithelium. But the fungus rarely spreads throughout the body, its development is limited to the deep layers of the skin. Such diseases are quite rare, but sometimes they occur. These are sporotrichosis (causing agents are Sporotrix schenckii fungi), phaeohyphomycosis (causing agents are fungi of the Dematiaceae family), mycetomas.
Systemic fungal diseases are fungal infections that have spread to large areas of the skin and even to internal organs. In this case, skin lesions are primary (the pathogen multiplies in the skin after getting there as a result of injury or infection of an open wound) and secondary (the infection has taken over the entire body, and manifests itself in various symptoms, in particular on the skin). Fungi that cause systemic mycoses usually live in the soil – Cryptococcus neoformans (causing cryptococcosis), Сoccidioides immitis, etc.
Often, for the treatment of systemic mycoses, only external treatment with Enkon or oral administration of Intramik is not enough. Sometimes there is a need for surgical excision of the affected tissues. Therefore, it is very important to periodically examine the animal and consult a doctor in a time when the slightest damage to the skin and fur is detected.